Which of the following is a symptom of major depressive disorder?

The symptom of major depressive disorder that aligns with the established diagnostic criteria is persistent sadness and loss of interest in activities. This reflects the core features of the disorder, which include a depressed mood lasting most of the day, nearly every day, and an anhedonia, or a significant decrease in pleasure or interest in almost all activities. These symptoms often lead to marked impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

Recognizing these symptoms is vital in clinical practice as they guide the assessment and diagnostic process. Patients often report feeling a pervasive sense of hopelessness, which can lead to a variety of self-care deficits and negative impacts on quality of life. Early identification of such symptoms can greatly influence treatment decisions and improve outcomes for individuals experiencing major depressive disorder.